Morphology of SUGARCANE

English name: Sugarcane.
Bengali name: Aukh.
Botanical name: Cultivated sugarcane has three species
a) Saccharum officinarum
b) Saccharum sinense
c) Saccharum barberi  
Family: Gramineae.
Ploidy level: Diploid, 2n=80
Plant type: Sugarcane is tall perennial plant growing erect even upto 5to 6 meters.
Root system: Fibrous.
Stem / Stalk: Roughly cylindrical, composed of many distinct nodes and internodes. At each node there is a bud. It is known as “eye” appearing on opposite sides of the cane. Just below the bud is a raised position known as leaf scar. Immediately above each node, 2 or 3 translucent dot like structures known as root primordial.
Leaves: Alternate, leaf of the sugarcane consist of a sheath and blade with ligule in between. The sheath is attached with the stalk by basal ring.
Inflorescence: The inflorescence called an arrow. The arrangement of the spikelets is racemose.
Flower: Empty glume and palea. The flowers are small, bisexual.
Perianth: Absent or reduced to usually 2 to3 minute seeds called lodicules.
Androecium: Stamens 1 to 6 or rarely more but usually 3 in each floret, the old stamen is always anterior, filaments free, anther dithecous, basifixed or versatile.
Gynoecium: Bi or tricarpellary, syncarpous, ovary superior, unilocular containing 1 anatropous ovule, basal placentation, style 1 to 3, often plumose or feather like.
Fruit: Caryopsis.
Floral formula: 0 , 0, P 2 or 3 or absent, A 3 or 1- 6, G (2-3)